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Susan was bitten by a deer tick and now complains of joint pain,flu-like symptoms,and difficulty thinking.What might be her diagnosis and the treatment required to alleviate her symptoms?

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She probably has con...

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Synovial joints have six distinguishing features.What are they?

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articular cartilage,a joint (a...

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A person who has been diagnosed with a sprained ankle has an injury to the ligaments that attach to that joint.

A) True
B) False

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Extracapsular ligaments stabilizing the knee include ________.


A) the patellar ligament extending from femur to patella
B) cruciate ligaments,which help secure the articulating bones together
C) fibular and tibial collateral ligaments,which prevent lateral or medial rotation
D) the oblique popliteal crossing the knee anteriorly

E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

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Although uric acid is a normal waste product of nucleic acid metabolism,excessive levels lead to gouty arthritis.How does this waste product build up and cause so much pain when things go wrong and why is it more common in men?

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Blood levels of uric acid increase due t...

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The gliding motion of the wrist uses ________ joints.


A) pivot
B) hinge
C) plane
D) condyloid

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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The cruciate ligaments of the knee ________.


A) are also called collateral ligaments
B) prevent hyperextension of the knee
C) tend to run parallel to one another
D) attach to each other in their midportions

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Presence of a synovial cavity,articular cartilage,synovial membrane,and ligaments are characteristics of what type of joint?


A) hinge joint
B) symphysis
C) suture
D) synchondrosis

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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The major role of ligaments at synovial joints is to unite bones and prevent undesirable movement.

A) True
B) False

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Which ligament of the knee initiates the knee-jerk reflex when tapped?


A) the medial patellar retinacula
B) the patellar ligament
C) the lateral patellar retinacula
D) the extracapsular ligament

E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

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Which of the following are cartilaginous joints?


A) syndesmoses
B) gomphoses
C) synchondroses
D) sutures

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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Pronation is a much stronger movement than supination.

A) True
B) False

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What are menisci (articular discs) ?


A) wedges of fibrocartilage that partially or completely divide the synovial cavity
B) small sacs containing synovial fluid
C) cavities lined with cartilage
D) tendon sheaths

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

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All joints permit some degree of movement,even if very slight.

A) True
B) False

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Antibiotic treatment would be recommended for ________.


A) osteoarthritis
B) Lyme disease
C) rheumatoid arthritis
D) gout

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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A person who has been diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis would be suffering loss of the synovial fluids.

A) True
B) False

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Synovial fluid is present in joint cavities of freely movable joints.Which of the following statements is true about this fluid?


A) It contains hyaluronic acid.
B) It contains hydrochloric acid.
C) It contains lactic acid.
D) It contains enzymes only.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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How can osteoarthritis be treated?

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In many cases,symptoms can be controlled...

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Farhad begins typing his term paper on his new computer early one morning.After 8 hours of typing,he notices that his wrists are stiff and very sore.The next morning,Farhad begins to finish his paper,but soon finds his wrists hurt worse than last night.What is wrong?

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Farhad is suffering from tendo...

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On the basis of structural classification,which is a fibrous joint?


A) pivot
B) syndesmosis
C) symphysis
D) synchondrosis

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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