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Exam 18: The Cardiovascular System: the Heart

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Question 21

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Figure 18.1Using Figure 18.1, match the following: -SA node.

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Question 22

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Select the correct statement about cardiac output.

A) If a semilunar valve were partially obstructed, the end systolic volume in the affected ventricle would be decreased.
B) Stroke volume increases if end diastolic volume decreases.
C) A slow heart rate increases end diastolic volume, stroke volume, and force of contraction.
D) Decreased venous return will result in increased end diastolic volume.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Question 23

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Select the correct statement about the function of myocardial cells.

The left ventricular wall of the heart is thicker than the right wall in order to .

A patient was admitted to the hospital with chest pains. On admission, his pulse was 110 and blood pressure was 96/64. According to his history, his normal pulse rate is usually between 80 and 88 and his blood pressure runs from 120/70 to 130/80. Explain why these changes in BP and HR occur.

Figure 18.1Using Figure 18.1, match the following: -AV bundle.

Chronic release of excess thyroxine can cause a sustained increase in heart rate and a weakened heart.

Figure 18.3Using Figure 18.3, match the following: -The ECG wave interval represents ventricular repolarization.

Define the terms end diastolic volume (EDV) and end systolic volume (ESV) and relate them to the calculation of stroke volume.

Define systole and diastole. Which heart chambers are usually referenced when these terms are used?

Congestive heart failure means that the pumping efficiency of the heart is depressed so that there is inadequate delivery of blood to body tissues.

Select the correct statement about the heart valves.

Which of the events below does not occur when the semilunar valves are open?

A patient is prescribed a calcium channel blocker to prevent angina (chest pain), by decreasing the demand for oxygen. Explain why.

Anastomoses among coronary arterial branches provide collateral routes for blood delivery to the heart muscle.

A patient takes a nitroglycerin tablet sublingually for chest pain. Nitroglycerin acts directly on smooth muscle, producing relaxation and vessel dilation. How would this relieve chest pain?

Autonomic regulation of heart rate is via two reflex centers found in the pons.

A Doppler ultrasound was performed on an infant who had symptoms of breathlessness and it was found that he had a patent ductus arteriosus. Discuss the location and function of the ductus arteriosus in the fetus and relate it to the reason for the infant's breathlessness.

When viewing a dissected heart, it is easy to visually discern the right and left ventricles by )

A 55- year- old male was admitted to the hospital with heart failure. He complains of increasing shortness of breath on exertion and needing to sleep on three pillows at night. On physical assessment, the nurse determines that his ankles and feet are very swollen. Which of these symptoms reflect left- sided heart failure and which reflect right- sided heart failure?