Question 1

Some cognitive psychologists have embraced the computer model and used terms such as "input," "output," and "storage" to describe human functions. These cognitive psychologists best reflect

Accepted Answer

A)  the influence of behaviorism
B)  the information processing metaphor
C)  the humanistic approach
D)  the contemporary relevance of William JamesE) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 2

_____ advanced a social learning theory that emphasized observational learning.

Accepted Answer

A)  Albert Bandura
B)  Hermann Ebbinghaus
C)  Frederick C. Bartlett
D)  Harry F. HarlowE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 3

This French epistemologist argued that cognition evolved in a series of progressive stages based on the activation of schemas. In doing so, he revolutionized the study of cognitive development and became its most visible figure.

Accepted Answer

A)  John Mark Baldwin
B)  Kurt Koffka
C)  Albert Ellis
D)  Jean PiagetE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 4

Which of the following statements is most representative of Frederick C. Bartlett's research on cognition?

Accepted Answer

A)  learning and memory are largely the result of the mechanical laws of association
B)  our memories are reconstructed based on abstract schemas
C)  the phenomenon of cognition can be reduced to biochemical processes
D)  past experience has little impact on our ability to recall informationE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

________ is viewed as a key contributor to the emergence of industrial-organizational psychology, even though this person's work extended beyond traditional boundaries of psychology into ergonomics, safety, and efficient workplace design in industrial settings as well as the home.

Accepted Answer

A)  Mary Parker Follett
B)  Lillian Gilbreth
C)  Walter Dill Scott
D)  Hugo MünsterbergE) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 6

Otto Loewi was awarded a Nobel Prize for his discovery of the first

Accepted Answer

A)  neuron
B)  neurotransmitter
C)  glial cell
D)  chromosomeE) A) and C)
F) A) and B) B

Question 7

The use of systematic desensitization in behavior therapy was pioneered by

Accepted Answer

A)  Aaron T. Beck
B)  Marsha M. Linehan
C)  Jean Piaget
D)  Joseph WolpeE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Unlike the neobehaviorist, the cognitive psychologist views the human participant as

Accepted Answer

A)  a complex, irrational organism with little free will
B)  a dynamic organizer of information
C)  a relatively mindless, passive receiver of information
D)  both a. and c.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 9

His work was criticized for overemphasizing associationism, artificiality, and reductionism. Despite these criticisms, __________ conducted the first quantitative study of memory and inspired generations of future researchers.

Accepted Answer

A)  Frederick C. Bartlett
B)  Edward Chace Tolman
C)  B. F. Skinner
D)  Hermann EbbinghausE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 10

Gestalt interests in thinking and problem solving combined with the purposive behaviorism of _____ to establish foundations for the emergence of cognitive psychology.

Accepted Answer

A)  Frederick C. Bartlett
B)  Edward Chace Tolman
C)  B. F. Skinner
D)  Hermann EbbinghausE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 11

_______ is a social psychologist whose best-known research program investigated obedience and instigated extensive debate about ethical treatment of participants.

Accepted Answer

A)  Muzafer Sherif
B)  Solomon Asch
C)  Stanley Milgram
D)  Phillip ZimbardoE) A) and B)
F) A) and C) C

Question 12

Albert Ellis developed a therapeutic approach called

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive therapy
B)  dialectical behavior therapy
C)  systematic desensitization
D)  rational-emotive behavior therapyE) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 13

The Wisconsin General Test Apparatus, invented by _____, made it possible to objectively study form discrimination and learning sets in monkeys. This pioneering researcher also contributed to advances in the study of attachment and social isolation in primates.

Accepted Answer

A)  Albert Bandura
B)  Hermann Ebbinghaus
C)  Frederick C. Bartlett
D)  Harry F. HarlowE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 14

Cognitive therapy, a second wave of post-World War II psychotherapy, was developed by

Accepted Answer

A)  Aaron T. Beck
B)  Marsha M. Linehan
C)  Jean Piaget
D)  Joseph WolpeE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Hippocrates, Galen, Dorothea Lynde Dix, Emil Kraepelin, and Lightner Witmer contributed to the intellectual traditions of

Accepted Answer

A)  psychology and the law
B)  cognitive psychology
C)  industrial and organizational psychology
D)  clinical psychologyE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 16

_____ conducted some of the first studies on false memory by having subjects attempt to remember material from unfamiliar stories.

Accepted Answer

A)  Frederick C. Bartlett
B)  Edward Chace Tolman
C)  B. F. Skinner
D)  Hermann EbbinghausE) A) and C)
F) A) and B) A

Question 17

According to the text, three classic schools of psychology continue to remain prominent today. The three
Schools are

Accepted Answer

A)  functionalism; neobehaviorism; psychoanalysis
B)  psychoanalysis; Gestalt psychology; neobehaviorism
C)  functionalism; Gestalt psychology; humanistic psychology
D)  psychoanalysis; neobehaviorism; humanistic psychologyE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 18

_______ is the study of the interactions between the brain, behavior, the immune system, and social and physical environments.

Accepted Answer

A)  psychopharmacology
B)  cognitive psychology
C)  behavioral genetics
D)  psychoneuroimmunologyE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 19

The term ecological validity refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  the need for people to live in harmony with the earth
B)  a sophisticated test of accuracy for intelligence scores
C)  the argument that psychology should focus on everyday, real-world problems that impact the lives of all people
D)  the responsibility that each individual must assume for their personal lifestyleE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 20

_______ is the study of the role of genes in cognition and behavior, and researchers in this subfield have
Investigated topics such as intelligence, altruism, jealousy, and psychopathology.

Accepted Answer

A)  Psychopharmacology
B)  cognitive psychology
C)  behavioral genetics
D)  psychoneuroimmunologyE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Exam 17: Beyond the Systems of Psychology

Some cognitive psychologists have embraced the computer model and used terms such as "input," "output," and "storage" to describe human functions. These cognitive psychologists best reflect

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ advanced a social learning theory that emphasized observational learning.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

This French epistemologist argued that cognition evolved in a series of progressive stages based on the activation of schemas. In doing so, he revolutionized the study of cognitive development and became its most visible figure.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is most representative of Frederick C. Bartlett's research on cognition?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

________ is viewed as a key contributor to the emergence of industrial-organizational psychology, even though this person's work extended beyond traditional boundaries of psychology into ergonomics, safety, and efficient workplace design in industrial settings as well as the home.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Otto Loewi was awarded a Nobel Prize for his discovery of the first

Correct AnswerverifiedB

The use of systematic desensitization in behavior therapy was pioneered by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Unlike the neobehaviorist, the cognitive psychologist views the human participant as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

His work was criticized for overemphasizing associationism, artificiality, and reductionism. Despite these criticisms, __________ conducted the first quantitative study of memory and inspired generations of future researchers.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gestalt interests in thinking and problem solving combined with the purposive behaviorism of _____ to establish foundations for the emergence of cognitive psychology.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_______ is a social psychologist whose best-known research program investigated obedience and instigated extensive debate about ethical treatment of participants.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Albert Ellis developed a therapeutic approach called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Wisconsin General Test Apparatus, invented by _____, made it possible to objectively study form discrimination and learning sets in monkeys. This pioneering researcher also contributed to advances in the study of attachment and social isolation in primates.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cognitive therapy, a second wave of post-World War II psychotherapy, was developed by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hippocrates, Galen, Dorothea Lynde Dix, Emil Kraepelin, and Lightner Witmer contributed to the intellectual traditions of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ conducted some of the first studies on false memory by having subjects attempt to remember material from unfamiliar stories.

Correct AnswerverifiedA

According to the text, three classic schools of psychology continue to remain prominent today. The three Schools are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_______ is the study of the interactions between the brain, behavior, the immune system, and social and physical environments.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term ecological validity refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_______ is the study of the role of genes in cognition and behavior, and researchers in this subfield have Investigated topics such as intelligence, altruism, jealousy, and psychopathology.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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B

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C

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A

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