Question 1

Increasing the alveolar ventilation rate will

Accepted Answer

A)   decrease the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the alveoli.
B)   decrease the rate of oxygen diffusion from the alveoli to the blood.
C)   increase the partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the alveoli.
D)   decrease the rate of carbon dioxide diffusion from the blood to the alveoli.
E)   hardly affect either the partial pressure or diffusion of gases.F) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 2

The normal rate and depth of breathing is established by the ________ center(s) .

Accepted Answer

A)   apneustic
B)   pneumotaxic
C)   DRG and VRG
D)   expiratory
E)   ventral respiratoryF) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 3

Air that remains in conducting passages and doesn't participate in gas exchange is termed

Accepted Answer

A)   vital capacity.
B)   minimal volume.
C)   residual volume.
D)   functional residual capacity.
E)   anatomic dead space.F) C) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 4

The most common unit of measurement for measuring pulmonary pressures is

Accepted Answer

A)   mm Hg.
B)   torr.
C)   cm H2O.
D)   psi.
E)   centigrade.F) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 5

Which of the following statements about the trachea is false?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is lined by pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium.
B)   Tracheal cartilages prevent tracheal collapse.
C)   It contains many mucous glands.
D)   It alters its diameter in response to the autonomic nervous system.
E)   It is completely wrapped in smooth muscle.F) C) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 6

During quiet breathing,

Accepted Answer

A)   only the internal intercostal muscles contract.
B)   inspiration involves muscular contractions and expiration is passive.
C)   inspiration is passive and expiration involves muscular contractions.
D)   both inspiration and expiration are passive.
E)   both inspiration and expiration involve muscular contractions.F) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 7

A condition that increases lung compliance is

Accepted Answer

A)   lung cancer.
B)   respiratory distress syndrome.
C)   loss of surfactant.
D)   emphysema.
E)   pneumothorax.F) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 8

Figure 23-1 The Upper Airways
 
Use Figure 23-1 to answer the following questions:
-Identify the structure labeled "2."

Accepted Answer

A)   olfactory organ
B)   oropharynx
C)   nasopharynx
D)   internal nares
E)   nasal sinusF) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 9

The most important chemical regulator of respiration is

Accepted Answer

A)   oxygen.
B)   carbon dioxide.
C)   bicarbonate ion.
D)   sodium ion.
E)   hemoglobin.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 10

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term external intercostal?

Accepted Answer

A)   accessory muscle of expiration
B)   accessory muscle of inspiration
C)   primary muscle of inspiration
D)   primary muscle of expiration
E)   an accessory muscle for both expiration and inspirationF) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 11

Harry suffers from cystic fibrosis and has severe breathing difficulties. His problems result from

Accepted Answer

A)   genetic mutation in cilia production.
B)   laryngospasms.
C)   thick secretions that are difficult to transport.
D)   lack of neural control of respiration.
E)   reduced mucus secretions in the trachea.F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 12

As an astronaut is lifted into Earth's orbit, what is the first change to take place in response to thedrop in cabin pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)   increased hematocrit
B)   renal hypoxia
C)   increased alveolar ventilation rate
D)   decreased alveolar PO2
E)   decreased hemoglobin saturationF) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 13

The actual sites of gas exchange within the lungs are the

Accepted Answer

A)   bronchioles.
B)   terminal bronchioles.
C)   spaces between the parietal and visceral pleura.
D)   blood air barrier of the alveoli.
E)   interlobular septa.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 14

The paired cartilages that articulate with the superior border of the cricoid cartilage are the ________cartilages.

Accepted Answer

A)   cricothyroid
B)   innominate
C)   cuneiform
D)   corniculate
E)   arytenoidF) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 15

Which is not a reason gas exchange is efficient at the blood air barrier?

Accepted Answer

A)   Partial pressure differences are substantial.
B)   Distance is short.
C)   Surface area is large.
D)   Gap junctions facilitate fast movement.
E)   Gases are lipid soluble.F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 16

Hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen when the BPG level is high is

Accepted Answer

A)   greater than hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen when the BPG level is low.
B)   less than hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen when the BPG level is low.
C)   equal to hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen when the BPG level is low.
D)   equal to hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen when pH is low.
E)   equal to hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen when pH is high.F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 17

The most superior portion of the lung is called the

Accepted Answer

A)   base.
B)   apex.
C)   cardiac notch.
D)   hilus.
E)   epipleurium.F) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 18

In-Text Figure Based Questions
-Inhibition of medulla oblongata chemoreceptors and respiratory muscles has what effect on respiratory rate,elimination of CO2 at alveoli, and arterial PCO2? (Figure 23-26)

Accepted Answer

A)   increased respiratory rate, increased elimination of CO2 at alveoli, and increased arterial PCO2
B)   increased respiratory rate, decreased elimination of CO2 at alveoli, and decreased arterial PCO2
C)   increased respiratory rate, increased elimination of CO2 at alveoli, and decreased arterial PCO2
D)   decreased respiratory rate, increased elimination of CO2 at alveoli, and increased arterial PCO2
E)   decreased respiratory rate, decreased elimination of CO2 at alveoli, and increased arterial PCO2F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 19

The nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx constitute the ________ portion of the airway.

Accepted Answer

A)   conducting
B)   exchange
C)   respiratory
D)   sinus
E)   primaryF) C) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 20

Surfactant is produced by what cell type in the alveolus?

Accepted Answer

A)   smooth muscle cells
B)   pneumocytes Type I
C)   pneumocytes Type II
D)   pneumocytes Type I and Type II
E)   alveolar macrophagesF) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Exam 23: The Respiratory System

The most superior portion of the lung is called the

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Figure 23-1 The Upper Airways Use Figure 23-1 to answer the following questions: -Identify the structure labeled "2."

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Harry suffers from cystic fibrosis and has severe breathing difficulties. His problems result from

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The normal rate and depth of breathing is established by the ________ center(s) .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The actual sites of gas exchange within the lungs are the

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Which of the following statements about the trachea is false?

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Which is not a reason gas exchange is efficient at the blood air barrier?

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In-Text Figure Based Questions -Inhibition of medulla oblongata chemoreceptors and respiratory muscles has what effect on respiratory rate,elimination of CO2 at alveoli, and arterial PCO2? (Figure 23-26)

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The nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx constitute the ________ portion of the airway.

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Air that remains in conducting passages and doesn't participate in gas exchange is termed

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Which of the following descriptions best matches the term external intercostal?

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As an astronaut is lifted into Earth's orbit, what is the first change to take place in response to thedrop in cabin pressure?

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A condition that increases lung compliance is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most common unit of measurement for measuring pulmonary pressures is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During quiet breathing,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Increasing the alveolar ventilation rate will

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Surfactant is produced by what cell type in the alveolus?

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Hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen when the BPG level is high is

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The paired cartilages that articulate with the superior border of the cricoid cartilage are the ________cartilages.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most important chemical regulator of respiration is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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