Question 1

Which of the following statements regarding biogeochemical cycles is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)  Recycling keeps nutrients in balance.
B)  All elements originate from a nonliving, long-term reservoir.
C)  All organisms directly participate in recycling.
D)   Cycles are simple systems between living and nonliving components.
E)  Elements cycle through biotic and abiotic environments.F) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 2

You are "living off the grid" meaning that you are not using any public utilities: no water supply, sewer connection, natural gas, or electricity.You do have a septic tank, whose pipe carries sewage underground where it is released over a wide area, the leaching field.There is also a small pond out there that you have stocked with fish.However, you notice that the fish are floating dead in the water, and the pond has a green scum on it.What happened?

Accepted Answer

A)  There is oxygen depletion in the pond due to the leakage of phosphates and other compounds from your septic tank.
B)  There are not enough nutrients in the water, so the fish died.
C)  Chemical toxins from your septic tank cleaner have killed the fish.
D)  The fish died due to a lack of calcium, which then caused the algae to overgrow.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Mycorrhizae are the mutualistic relationship between fungi and the roots of certain plants.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Which of the following processes is not a part of metagenomic analysis of an environment?

Accepted Answer

A)  Reverse transcription
B)  DNA sequence assembly
C)  Extraction of DNA from original sample
D)  High-throughput sequencing
E)  Polymerase chain reactionF) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 5

The primary role of producers is the recycling of nutrients in an ecosystem.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

The thin envelope of life that surrounds the earth's surface is called the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  hydrosphere
B)  lithosphere
C)  biosphere
D)  atmosphere
E)  ecosystemF) A) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 7

Which of the following statements regarding the infection of root hairs by Rhizobium species is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nodules begin to form in the roots as both plant and bacterial partners differentiate.
B)  Attachment of Rhizobium cells to plant root hair cells induce curling of the root hair.
C)  This is a mutualistic relationship between plant and bacteria.
D)  The presence of Rhizobium triggers the formation of syncytial cells.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 8

Organisms whose sole source of carbon for growth is CO2 are called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  consumers
B)  autotrophs
C)  decomposers
D)  saprophytes
E)  lithotrophsF) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 9

The physical location in the environment to which an organism has adapted is its ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  biome
B)  community
C)  habitat
D)  niche
E)  populationF) D) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 10

Vast numbers of microorganisms are being genetically characterized without culturing them in the laboratory today through ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  mass spectrometry and proteomics
B)  polymerase chain reaction
C)  column chromatography
D)  metagenomic sequencingE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 11

The combustion of fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and gas, have contributed to the steady increase in atmospheric CO2 gas over the last 25 years.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The oxidation of ammonia (NH4+)  to nitrate (NO3-)  and nitrite (NO2-)  is called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  nitrogen fixation
B)  nitrification
C)  ammonification
D)  photosynthesis
E)  denitrificationF) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 13

Which of the following statements regarding the phosphorus cycle is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)   Phosphorus is released naturally by mining.
B)  The phosphorus pool is in sedimentary rock.
C)   Phosphorus mineralization occurs by microbial action.
D)  Thiobacillus produces sulfuric acid that dissolves phosphate rock.
E)  Phosphorus must be phosphatized to enter biological systems.F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 14

A group of organisms of the same genus within a community is called a ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  biome
B)  community
C)  habitat
D)  niche
E)  populationF) A) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 15

The mutualistic partnership between plant roots and microbes is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  basidia
B)  lichens
C)  mycorrhizae
D)  rhizopods
E)  hyphaeF) C) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 16

The bacterium Thiobacillus secretes sulfuric acid into the environment.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Which of the following is true of water-saturated soils?

Accepted Answer

A)  They have a low carbon dioxide content.
B)  They contain anaerobes.
C)  They have a high oxygen content.
D)  They provide gases for soil microbes.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 18

Living or dead organisms that occupy an organism's habitat are called biotic factors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the following statements concerning metagenomic sequencing is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

A)  Software aligns sequences and assemble large portions of genomes.
B)  The samples are subject to polymerase chain reaction for amplification.
C)  The sequences of the amplified fragments are determined by next-generation methods.
D)  Proteins are extracted from an environment, fragmented, and adaptors are added.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 20

The warmest area of a lake during the summer is the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  benthic zone
B)  limnion
C)  thermocline
D)  hypolimnion
E)  epilimnionF) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Exam 24: Microbes and the Environment

The primary role of producers is the recycling of nutrients in an ecosystem.

Correct Answer
verified

The mutualistic partnership between plant roots and microbes is ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Vast numbers of microorganisms are being genetically characterized without culturing them in the laboratory today through ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements regarding biogeochemical cycles is incorrect?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements regarding the phosphorus cycle is incorrect?

Correct Answer
verified

Living or dead organisms that occupy an organism's habitat are called biotic factors.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The combustion of fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and gas, have contributed to the steady increase in atmospheric CO₂ gas over the last 25 years.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements concerning metagenomic sequencing is incorrect?

Correct Answer
verified

The physical location in the environment to which an organism has adapted is its ______.

Correct Answer
verified

The thin envelope of life that surrounds the earth's surface is called the ______.

Correct Answer
verified

The oxidation of ammonia (NH₄⁺) to nitrate (NO₃^-) and nitrite (NO₂^-) is called ______.

Correct Answer
verified

A group of organisms of the same genus within a community is called a ______.

Correct Answer
verified

The bacterium Thiobacillus secretes sulfuric acid into the environment.

Correct Answer
verified

The warmest area of a lake during the summer is the ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is true of water-saturated soils?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following processes is not a part of metagenomic analysis of an environment?

Correct Answer
verified

Organisms whose sole source of carbon for growth is CO₂ are called ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Mycorrhizae are the mutualistic relationship between fungi and the roots of certain plants.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements regarding the infection of root hairs by Rhizobium species is incorrect?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 24: Microbes and the Environment

The primary role of producers is the recycling of nutrients in an ecosystem.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The mutualistic partnership between plant roots and microbes is ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vast numbers of microorganisms are being genetically characterized without culturing them in the laboratory today through ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements regarding biogeochemical cycles is incorrect?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements regarding the phosphorus cycle is incorrect?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Living or dead organisms that occupy an organism's habitat are called biotic factors.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The combustion of fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and gas, have contributed to the steady increase in atmospheric CO2 gas over the last 25 years.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements concerning metagenomic sequencing is incorrect?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The physical location in the environment to which an organism has adapted is its ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The thin envelope of life that surrounds the earth's surface is called the ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The oxidation of ammonia (NH4+) to nitrate (NO3-) and nitrite (NO2-) is called ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A group of organisms of the same genus within a community is called a ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The bacterium Thiobacillus secretes sulfuric acid into the environment.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The warmest area of a lake during the summer is the ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of water-saturated soils?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following processes is not a part of metagenomic analysis of an environment?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Organisms whose sole source of carbon for growth is CO2 are called ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mycorrhizae are the mutualistic relationship between fungi and the roots of certain plants.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements regarding the infection of root hairs by Rhizobium species is incorrect?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The combustion of fossil fuels, such as coal, oil, and gas, have contributed to the steady increase in atmospheric CO₂ gas over the last 25 years.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The oxidation of ammonia (NH₄⁺) to nitrate (NO₃^-) and nitrite (NO₂^-) is called ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Organisms whose sole source of carbon for growth is CO₂ are called ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified