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Which of the following kinds of religions involves full-time religious specialists?


A) communal religion
B) shamanic religion
C) Olympian religion
D) individualistic cults
E) idiosyncratic belief systems

F) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

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Which of the following statements about religion is NOT true?


A) It is a cultural construction, therefore not a reality.
B) It can both create and maintain divisions within society.
C) It is sometimes a source of conflict.
D) It is, in some cases, ecologically adaptive.
E) It can both create and maintain social solidarity.

F) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

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Rites of passage involve three phases: separation, liminality, and totemism.

A) True
B) False

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Robert Bellah (1978) coined the term world-rejecting religion to describe most forms of Christianity, including Protestantism. More generally, world-rejecting religions


A) are shamanic religions that reject the encroachment of capitalism and modernity.
B) reject the material world and focus on the body's internal biological balance.
C) are a recent historical phenomenon.
D) tend to reject the natural-the mundane, ordinary, material, secular-world and focus instead on a higher realm of reality.
E) focus on the effects that heavenly bodies such as the moon, sun, and Mars have on social life.

F) A) and C)
G) All of the above

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Which of the following phases is NOT included in passage rites?


A) aggregation
B) authorization
C) marginality
D) separation
E) reintegration

F) B) and C)
G) A) and C)

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What term refers to the manipulation of the supernatural to accomplish specific goals?


A) animism
B) magic
C) religion
D) a rite of passage
E) pantheism

F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

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