Question 1

Acid-base buffer systems minimize pH changes by

Accepted Answer

A)  converting weak acids to strong acids.
B)  converting strong acids to weak acids.
C)  increasing breathing rate.
D)  promoting the excretion of hydrogen ions.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 2

Maxwell has just finished a brutal 10 kilometer run.His body has

Accepted Answer

A)  an increased production of carbonic acid and increased pH of body fluids.
B)  an increased production of carbonic acid and decreased pH of body fluids.
C)  a decreased production of carbonic acid,and increased pH of body fluids.
D)  a decreased production of carbonic acid and decreased pH of body fluids.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Metabolic alkalosis may be caused by

Accepted Answer

A)  prolonged vomiting.
B)  taking too many antacids.
C)  gastric lavage ("stomach pumping") .
D)  all of the above.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 4

The greatest output of electrolytes normally is in urine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Extracellular fluids have relatively

Accepted Answer

A)  high sodium and low potassium ion concentrations.
B)  high sodium and high potassium ion concentrations.
C)  low sodium and low potassium ion concentrations.
D)  low sodium and high potassium ion concentrations.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 6

Marielle is very thirsty following her tennis game.She drinks for a few minutes,then stops.The stimulus to stop drinking comes from

Accepted Answer

A)  distension of her stomach.
B)  hormones secreted by stomach cells.
C)  changes in intracellular fluid concentration.
D)  changes in extracellular fluid concentration.E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

Ingestion of too much sodium bicarbonate to relieve indigestion may lead to

Accepted Answer

A)  respiratory acidosis.
B)  respiratory alkalosis.
C)  metabolic acidosis.
D)  metabolic alkalosis.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 8

Factors that alter water balance will also alter electrolyte balance.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

A protein functions as an acid-base buffer system by the -COOH group of a molecule accepting H+ in the presence of excess acid and the NH3 group of a molecule releasing H+ in the presence of excess base.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Water obtained as a by-product of the oxidation of various nutrients is called water of _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Water obtained as a by-product of the...

Question 11

Which is the largest compartment of extracellular water?

Accepted Answer

A)  Plasma
B)  Lymph
C)  Interstitial fluid
D)  Transcellular fluidE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

Hyperventilation leads to

Accepted Answer

A)  respiratory acidosis.
B)  respiratory alkalosis.
C)  metabolic acidosis.
D)  metabolic alkalosis.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 13

The concentration of calcium ions in extracellular fluid is regulated primarily by a hormone secreted by the _____ glands.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The concentration of calcium ions in extracellular...

Question 14

An important stimulus for the secretion of aldosterone is

Accepted Answer

A)  rising potassium ion concentration.
B)  falling potassium ion concentration.
C)  rising sodium ion concentration.
D)  rising calcium ion concentration.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 15

The volume of urine produced is regulated mainly by the activity in the distal convoluted tubule and _____ duct.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The volume of urine produced is regulated...

Question 16

In a healthy body,the volume of water remains relatively stable at all times.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Water balance and electrolyte balance are interdependent because

Accepted Answer

A)  water dissolves in electrolytes.
B)  water and electrolytes are both in an ionic state in the blood.
C)  both form ions in blood.
D)  electrolytes are dissolved in water.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 18

Kidneys help to regulate acid-base balance of the blood by secreting OH-.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

The parts of an amino acid that are important in the protein buffer system are the

Accepted Answer

A)  amino and R groups.
B)  amino and carboxyl groups.
C)  monocarbonate and bicarbonate groups.
D)  monohydrogen phosphate and dihydrogen phosphate groups.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

Carbon dioxide reacts with water to form _____ _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Carbon dioxide reacts with water to form...

Exam 21: Water, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance

A protein functions as an acid-base buffer system by the -COOH group of a molecule accepting H+ in the presence of excess acid and the NH3 group of a molecule releasing H+ in the presence of excess base.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hyperventilation leads to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Water balance and electrolyte balance are interdependent because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Kidneys help to regulate acid-base balance of the blood by secreting OH-.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Carbon dioxide reacts with water to form _____ _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ingestion of too much sodium bicarbonate to relieve indigestion may lead to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The concentration of calcium ions in extracellular fluid is regulated primarily by a hormone secreted by the _____ glands.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Acid-base buffer systems minimize pH changes by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Factors that alter water balance will also alter electrolyte balance.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Water obtained as a by-product of the oxidation of various nutrients is called water of _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a healthy body,the volume of water remains relatively stable at all times.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Marielle is very thirsty following her tennis game.She drinks for a few minutes,then stops.The stimulus to stop drinking comes from

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The parts of an amino acid that are important in the protein buffer system are the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Extracellular fluids have relatively

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The volume of urine produced is regulated mainly by the activity in the distal convoluted tubule and _____ duct.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The greatest output of electrolytes normally is in urine.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Metabolic alkalosis may be caused by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An important stimulus for the secretion of aldosterone is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Maxwell has just finished a brutal 10 kilometer run.His body has

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is the largest compartment of extracellular water?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A protein functions as an acid-base buffer system by the -COOH group of a molecule accepting H⁺ in the presence of excess acid and the NH₃ group of a molecule releasing H⁺ in the presence of excess base.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Kidneys help to regulate acid-base balance of the blood by secreting OH^-.

Correct Answer
verified

Carbon dioxide reacts with water to form _ _.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified